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Objective To discuss blood collection tubes with different additives and their effects on the testing results of alcohol concentration in blood sam ples. Methods Blood sam ples from 10 volunteers were collected 2 hours after drinking with seven different types of disposable vacuum blood collection tubes, including ordinary tube without anticoagulant, coagulant tube, separating gel-coagulant tube, sodi-um citrate (1∶4) tube, sodium citrate (1∶9) tube, sodium citrate (9∶1) tube and EDTA-K2 tube. The al-cohol concentrations in these blood sam ples were analyzed by headspace gas chrom atography. Results The concentration testing results of the sam e blood sam ples in different types of tubes were different from one to another. The sequence was as follows:separating gel-coagulant tube>coagulant tube>ordi-nary tube without anticoagulant>EDTA-K2 tube>sodium citrate (1∶9) tube>sodium citrate (1∶4) tube, whereas the results of the sam e blood sam ple in sodium citrate (1∶9) tube and sodium citrate (9∶1) tube showed no obvious difference. Conclusion It is better to collect a suspicious drunk driver’s blood sam-ple using a disposable vacuum blood collection tube, with the EDTA-K2 tube being preferred.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the distribution of buprenorphione in the bodies of rabbits.@*METHODS@#Buprenorphione was administrated to rabbits orally or by intravenous injection (0.04 mg/kg buprenorphione). Two hours after administration, rabbits were killed and their blood, urine, liver, kidney, lung, stomach, brain, heart, stomach content and feces were collected. The concentrations of buprenorphione in these body fluids and tissues were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).@*RESULTS@#The results show the distribution of buprenorphione in rabbit's body: urine>stomach content>brain >heart >stomach>lung> kidney > liver > blood> feces.@*CONCLUSION@#The method developed can be used for the detection of buprenorphione in biological fluids and tissues in forensic practice. Urine is the preferred sample for screening for buprenorphione abuse.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Analgesics, Opioid , Pharmacokinetics , Buprenorphine , Pharmacokinetics , Urine , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
To report a case of retinoic acid syndrome due to tretinoin in the treatment of psoriasis.A 32-year-old male patient presented with psoriasis vulgaris for more than 10 years.In recent 10 years,he experienced erythema,plaques covered with multi-layered scales on the scalp,trunk,extremities accompanied by pruritus.The patient was diagnosed as psoriasis and given long-term treatment with oral vitamins,traditional Chinese medicine,and topical drugs,which resulted in a status of remission and exacerbation.Half a year prior to the presentation,the patient was given acitretin 10 mg twice daily due to the exacerbation of condition;20 days later,the dose increased to thrice daily;after another 30 days,the lesions were improved,and the frequency decreased to twice daily again;finally,a disappearance of the lesions was achieved after half a year of maintenance treatment with acitretin 10 mg twice daily.One week prior to the presentation,the treatment strategy was altered from acitretin to viaminate 50 mg twice daily;after three days with viaminate,the patient experienced a sudden worsening of psoriatic lesions with an obvious inflammatory reaction;subsequently,the lesions rapidly spread to the whole body surface and fused into large patches,accompanied with the following signs:marked edema,massive desquamating,high fever (＞39℃),hypotension,respiratory distress,pulmonary edema,pleural and pericardial effusions,renal dysfunction,peripheral blood leukocytosis.The patient was diagnosed as retinoic acid syndrome(RAS).After given oral glucocorticoid,symptomatic and supportive treatment,he experienced a relief of symptoms.These findings indicate that RAS is an entity with an abrupt onset and poor prognosis.For patients with RAS,early diagnosis and prompt management with corticosteroids,symptomatic and supportive treatments are essential to avoid potential fatal complications.
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To observe the expression of CD40/CD40L on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with condyloma acuminatum (CA), flow cytometry was employed to examine the expression of CD40 and CD40L on PMBC in 36 patients with CA and 20 healthy controls. Our results showed that mean level of CD40 expression in CA patients was significantly lower than that in the controls (6.58% +/- 2.74% vs 14.81% +/- 6.12%, t = 5.703, P < 0.05); the average level of CD40L in CA patients was also significantly lower than that in the controls (0.73% +/- 0.54% vs 2.67% +/- 2.43%, t = 3.532, P < 0.05). Our results suggest that the reduced costimulatory interaction of CD40 and CD40L in CA patients may be one of the important factors responsible for the low cellular immunity.
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To observe the expression of CD40/CD40L on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with condyloma acuminatum (CA), flow cytometry was employed to examine the expression of CD40 and CD40L on PMBC in 36 patients with CA and 20 healthy controls. Our results showed that mean level of CD40 expression in CA patients was significantly lower than that in the controls (6.58%±2.74% vs 14.81%±6.12%, t=5. 703, P＜0.05); the average level of CD40L in CA patients was also significantly lower than that in the controls (0.73% ±0.54% vs 2.67%±2.43%, t=3. 532, P＜0.05). Our resutls suggest that the reduced costimulatory interaction of CD40 and CD40L in CA patients may be one of the important factors responsible for the low cellular immunity.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological features of pregnant women with syphilis, their pregnant outcomes, and perinatal and neonatal prognosis. METHODS Fifty-eight pregnant women with syphilis were retrospectively studied from Jan 2003 to Dec 2007. RESULTS There were 3 cases in 2003, 8 in 2004, 11 in 2005, 15 in 2006 and 21 in 2007. There were 19 dominant syphilis cases and 39 latent syphilis cases among 58 pregnant women with syphilis. Pregnant outcomes: term delivery reached 92.86% in pregnant women with regular antisyphilitic treatment and only 25.00% in pregnant women without antisyphilitic treatment (P
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the relapse of condyloma acuminatum(CA)and the potential capability of tumor necrotic factor (TNF) production of the host′s peripheral blood leukocytes. Methods Forty-two CA patients and 58 normal controls were enrolled in this study. CA relapse was diagnosed clinically. EB virus-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line(LCL)were used as TNF producing cells. The TNF producing capability of LCL was measured by bioassay using L929 (a TNF sensitive tumor cell line) as target cells. The LCL were stimulated with LPS to produce TNF. Results The average level of TNF production of LCL from all CA patients (including recurrent and non-recurrent CA patients) was similar to that of normal controls (30.14% ? 12.27 vs 34.06% ? 12.06,P = 0.1136). However, the level of TNF production of LCs from recurrent CA patients was significantly less than that from non-recurrent CA patients (24.75% ? 7.51 vs 36.62% ? 10.96,P = 0.00016). Compared with that of normal controls, recurrent CA patients showed a lower capability to produce TNF (24.75% ? 7.51 vs 34.06% ? 12.06,P = 0.00054), whereas non-recurrent CA patients showed a similar capability to normal controls (36.62% ? 10.96 vs 34.06% ? 12.06,P = 0.3517). Conclusions These results indicate that the cellular immune mechanism might play an important role in the clearance of the residual HPV from the host, in which TNF is involved.
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To study the mechanism of Condyloma acuminatum (CA) recurrence, and the association of CA recurrence with the ability of the host derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) stimulated by LPS to produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF), EBV-transformed B LCL were used as TNF producing cells. The ability of LCL stimulated by LPS to produce TNF was measured by bioassay. The results showed that the LCL from CA patients (including recurrent and non-recurrent CA patients) produced similar level of TNF stimulated by LPS to that of normal controls (29.54% +/- 11.28% vs 34.31% +/- 11.46%, P = 0.1498). The LCL of CA recurrent patients produced significantly lower amount of TNF than that of non-recurrent CA patients (23.72% +/- 7.41% vs 37.33% +/- 11.10%, P = 0.0032). Compared with the normal controls, CA recurrent patients showed a decreased ability to produce TNF (23.72% +/- 7.41 vs 34.31% +/- 11.46, P = 0.0054), whereas CA non recurrent patients had the similar ability to the controls (37.33% +/- 11.10 vs 34.31% +/- 11.46, P = 0.4914). It was concluded that the onset of CA was not relevant to the individual's ability to produce TNF. But the recurrence of CA was associated with the ability to produce TNF. It was also indicated that the TNF involved cellular immunity might play an important role in the clearance of the residual HPV by the host after treatment.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , B-Lymphocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Pathology , Cell Line , Condylomata Acuminata , Allergy and Immunology , Pathology , Lipopolysaccharides , Pharmacology , Lymphocyte Activation , Allergy and Immunology , Recurrence , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective A method was developed for the determination diazepam and its main metabolites,nordiazepam, and oxazepam and then in urine by GC-ECD. Method The urine samples were hydrolyzed with ?-glucuronidase were extracted in organic solvent. The extractives were derived with BSTFA and the analytes as trimethylsilyl derivatives were determined by GC. Results Sensitive of the method is as low as snglme, the recovery is high then 70%. Conclusion This method is sensitive enough for the analysis of urine from the subjects over a 48 hour period after receiving a 10mg dose of diazepam orally.